Report
Teaser, summary, work performed and final results
Periodic Reporting for period 1 - ATOM (Advancing the state of the art of MIMO: the key to the successful evolution of wireless networks)
Teaser
Work Package 2The non-regenerative massive multi-input-multioutput (MIMO) non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) relay systems are investigated. The NOMA is invoked with a superposition coding technique at the transmitter and successive interference cancellation (SIC) technique...
Summary
Work Package 2
The non-regenerative massive multi-input-multioutput (MIMO) non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) relay systems are investigated. The NOMA is invoked with a superposition coding technique at the transmitter and successive interference cancellation (SIC) technique at the receiver. In addition, a maximum mean square error-SIC receivers design is adopted. With the aid of deterministic equivalent and matrix analysis tools, a closed-form expression of the signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) is derived.
Work Package 3
Investigation of the application of simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) to non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA). A new cooperative multiple-input-single-output (MISO) SWIPT NOMA protocol is proposed, where user 2 who has a strong channel condition acts as an energy-harvesting relay to help user 1 who has a poor channel condition. In order to, maximize the data rate of user 2 while satisfying the QoS requirement of user 1.
The formulated problem boils down to a complicated nonconvex problem. Firstly, we use the semidefinite relaxation (SDR) technique to relax the nonconvex problem. Secondly, an iterative algorithm with the successive convex approximation (SCA) method is proposed to solve the relaxed problem. As a result, a local optimal solution is obtained.
The cooperative SWIPT NOMA protocol design in SISO case is investigated and a semi-closed-form solution is derived, which can strictly guarantee the global optimality.
Work Package 4
Derivation of analytical expression for secrecy outage probability under Weibull fading when outdated channel state of eavesdropper link used by legitimate transmitter.
Derivation of a closed-form expression for secrecy outage probability of a transmit-antenna-selection (TAS) SWIPT system operating in the presence of cooperating eavesdroppers employing on–off power splitting architecture.
Derivation of a closed-form expression for the intercept probability of a Three-step Two-way Energy Harvesting decode-and-forward Relaying system subject to K-μ shadowed links.
We have derived a novel exact expression for the ergodic capacity of a D2D communication system that uses MC-CDMA and operates in underlay mode with a cellular network. The gain in interference mitigation achieved by using the spread spectrum technique in a variety of interference scenarios is also analyzed.
Work performed
The measures taken to ensure proper communication of the action(s) to the general public and the dissemination of the results.
• 5G Sub Working Group (5G - SWG), Malaysia, in which UTM and UPM are members, are coordinating an initiative to be evaluators for 5G standards. Currently, the proposal has been presented to MCMC for approval and will be brought up to ITU for possible consideration.
• As part of the ATOM project’s communication plan the project website has been established at the http://www.lancaster.ac.uk/scc/sites/atom/. This website is regularly updated with news of major events such as project workshops conducted, tutorials given at major international conferences by the partners as well as whitepapers authored by them. In order to coordinate the ATOM project’s visibility for the research community, the website displays a continuously updated list of research papers accepted in international journals and conferences.
 
Potentially important policy effects of the project with regards to EU policy making;
• Professor Ding has pioneered in the design of non-orthogonal multiple access, and this contribution has been highlighted in the techUK whitepaper, “5G innovation opportunities - A discussion paperâ€
 
How the project is targeting entrepreneurship and R&I with strong industrial dimension;
• 5G Sub Working Group (5G - SWG), Malaysia, in which UTM and UPM are members, are coordinating an initiative to be evaluators for 5G standards. Currently, the proposal has been presented to MCMC for approval and will be brought up to ITU for possible consideration.
• As part of the ATOM project’s communication plan the project website has been established at the http://www.lancaster.ac.uk/scc/sites/atom/. This website is regularly updated with news of major events such as project workshops conducted, tutorials given at major international conferences by the partners as well as whitepapers authored by them. In order to coordinate the ATOM project’s visibility for the research community, the website displays a continuously updated list of research papers accepted in international journals and conferences.
 
The mitigation measures for the delays on the project implementation;
• Regarding to the technical contribution and progress of the project, there is no delay. Actually, some works for the future deliverables have started before the time which was originally planned. So, the project implementation in technical process is going well.
The project impact so far or potential impact (social, scientific, technological)
• Following the ATOM project, several focus areas on advanced MIMO, Multiple Access, etc for 5G has been established under the 5G Sub-Working Group (5G-SWG) Malaysia. The 5G SWG is a consortium of universities, industries and research institutions in Malaysia working together to contribute to the 5G IMT-2020 standardization activity and to create the public awareness about the social and economy impact of 5G. UTM is the secretariat of the 5G SWG while UPM is the technical lead for the focus area of multiple access, coding and networking. The 5G SWG is currently coordinating an initiative to represent Malaysia to participate as evaluator for IMT-2020 under ITU-R. Currently, the proposal has been presented to the regulator MCMC for approval and will be brought up to ITU-R for consideration. Further details about 5G SWG can be found in the following link http://www.mtsfb.org.my/working-group/international-mobile-telecommunications-imt-wg
Final results
 
Owing the fact that the information and communication technologies (ICT) sector contributes over 2% of the world CO2 gas emissions , resource utilization and reducing environmental impacts should be taken into account in the development of new communication techniques and designs. ATOM project contributes towards these goals through development of novel techniques by efficiently utilizing the wireless resources, including radio spectrum and energy.
For example, different energy efficient based resource allocation techniques developed for cloud radio access networks in WP2 significantly improve the energy consumption while providing required quality of services at users. On the other hand, the work on non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) schemes efficiently utilizes radio spectrum in contrast to the conventional orthogonal multiple access (OMA) schemes.
The deliverables associated with the WP3 utilizes newly emerging wireless power transfer techniques through simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) approaches. For example, SWIPT is exploited for secure communication and cooperative NOMA.