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Report

Teaser, summary, work performed and final results

Periodic Reporting for period 2 - PERFORM (Calibration and integration of peripheral and foveal information in human vision)

Teaser

Summary

Contrary to our daily experience, visual processing is not homogeneous across the visual field. Visual sensitivity and acuity peak at the center of the visual field, the so-called fovea, and decline towards the periphery. Foveal vision is used to identify small spatial details, for instance letters during reading. Peripheral vision is essential to guide us through the environment. Despite the large differences of visual processing in the periphery and the fovea, objects normally do not change their appearance whether we view them foveally or peripherally. Therefore, the visual system must integrate and calibrate peripheral information before an eye movement with foveal information after an eye movement. The project aims to provide insights how the brain achieves a stable and homogeneous representation of the visual environment despite the ever changing sensory input and the inhomogeneity of processing across the visual field.

Work performed

Combining experiments and computational modeling, we were able to show that peripheral information before an eye movement and foveal information after an eye movement are combined close to the statistical optimum. This means that the visual system has access to the relative quality of peripheral and foveal information and weighs them accordingly. We found near-optimal integration performance for low-level features, such as orientation and color as well as high-level features, such as numerosity, suggesting that integration is a general principle in the visual system. High-level features were integrated even when low-level features were changed during the eye movement, indicating that integration occurs on an abstract representation rather than a pictorial representation. Integration performance was impaired by increasing memory load and by distracting attention, suggesting that integration across eye movements relies on memory and attentional resources.

Final results

Our results so far show that integration of peripheral and foveal information follows the same principles as multisensory integration. We plan to study the plasticity of information integration by studying how naturally occurring changes across the life span and artificially induced changes of peripheral and foveal vision are compensated. We will furthermore extend our results on single eye movements to the more natural case of sequential eye movements.