#	Pagina
attuale pagina	/open-h2020/projects/212578/results.html

Report

Teaser, summary, work performed and final results

Periodic Reporting for period 1 - TotalControl (Advanced integrated supervisory and wind turbine control for optimal operation of large Wind Power Plants)

Teaser

Summary

Cost of Energy (COE) is the most important single factor in deployment of renewables in the energy system. Reduction of COE is, among other things, directly related to operational control of Wind Power Plant (WPP) as a whole and the individual wind turbines (WT) within them. In the TotalControl project, the COE reduction is being pursued by developing and validating advanced integrated WPP/WT control schemes, where all essential interactions between the WPP WTs are accounted for including both production and load aspects.
Optimal WPP control is traditionally formulated as a one-parameter optimization problem focusing on the WPP production only. However, ultimately the optimal WPP performance should result from a multi-objective optimization problem, where the optimal economic performance of a WPP is pursued over the WPP life time, conditioned on external grid demands. This is what TotalControl is all about.
The suggested integrated WPP/WT control approach seeks the optimal economical WPP revenue - i.e. the optimal economic balance between WPP power production and WPP operational costs. This is done by developing hierarchically coupled WPP and WT control schemes conditioned on a set of superior grid operator demands. In the WPP control design phase, information is only fed from the WPP controller to the individual WT controllers, whereas in online operational control available WT and WPP flow field information will be assimilated into the WPP control for optimal system performance. Furthermore, the WPP controller will also make use of current market information (e.g. energy price, demand for ancillary services etc.) as well as information about the state of individual turbines (e.g. current operational state, maintenance requirements and component lifetime comsumption) to allow COE objectives to be optimised dynamically.

Work performed

The following describes the work performed in the work packages of TotalControl in the first reporting period.

WP1 - development and validation of wind power plant (WPP) design and control models
A modern-sized reference WPP has been designed to be used as a reference throughout the project in all possible simulation tools and associated high-fidelity CFD flow fields produced and stored. Besides specification of topology, the reference WPP also include an electro-mechanical model.
Totalcontrol uses a suite of flow models ranging high-fidelity CFD models over medium-fidelity models to simple and fast engineering models. Two of the medium fidelity models - the linear CFD RANS solver Fuga and the Dynamic Wake Meandering (DWM) model - have been updated to include non-neutral stratification and turbine yaw. Further, a simple and fast dynamic engineering WPP model has been developed and validated. Finally, machine learning approaches has been investigated as an alternative to first-principles modelling.
As for the full-scale validation part, 3 long-range lidars have been installed at the Lillgrund WPP - one providing information of the (undisturbed) inflow field, and the two others resolving the wake affected flow field inside the WPP. The recorded data will be used for validation of high- and low-fidelity models.

WP2 - open-loop quasi-static control of offshore wind farms
An open-loop wind farm control optimization platform has been developed which, using the linearized CFD flow solver Fuga, derive optimized wind farm control schedules conditioned on mean wind speed and mean wind direction. This platform uses wind farm power production as the objective function and optimize individual wind turbine de-rate settings formulated in terms of rotor rotational speed and collective pitch setting.
Moving towards quantification of (optimal) WPP control on OPEX, energy production and lifetime cost models and load surrogate models are needed. A cost model has been developed and to complemented with a surrogate model that quickly reproduce the energy capture and loads on the individual WPP turbines. The surrogate model are based on a huge number of aeroelastic simulations using the state-of-the-art aeroelastic code HAWC2. Once verified, the wind farm control set-points can be optimized to maximize energy production given life consumption targets on the wind turbine structures.

WP3 - development and full-scale implementation of new turbine controller features of relevance in the context of wind farm control
The 7MW Levenmouth WT (LWT) is used at the demonstration case. Detailed aeroelastic simulations are used for development of new WT controller functionalities needed for WPP control. For this purpose the LWT have been modelled in state-of-the-art aeroelastic platforms (i.e. HAWC2 and Bladed). After validation, a set of reference loads has been simulated, and controller design is ongoing. Related to ancillary active power control, operation of an inverter as a Virtual Synchronous Machine to contribute to grid frequency response has been analysed. With respect to load alleviation, a specification document for tower-top sensor requirements for Individual Pitch Control (IPC) has been completed, and lidar characteristics and controller interface have been designed to facilitate lidar-assisted WT control. Finally, a Model Predictive Control scheme has been developed.
On the experimental part, hardware needed for the lidar installation on the LWT has been designed and produced.

WP4 - to unify the results obtained in WPâ€™s 1-3 into a suite of applicable WPP controllers
Work on grid modelling have been initiated. Regarding modelling work, implementation of the LongSim code has been completed, and the LongSim-Kermit interface has been specified. On the experimental side, the VSM scheme almost ready in the lab at SINTEF.

WP5 - communication and dissemination
The goal of the WP is to communicate and raise awareness of the project and the project

Final results

In TotalControl advanced WPP controllers that increase WPP profitability, and enlarge operational versatility is developed. This is achieved by moving WPP controller design philosophy from individual optimization of WTâ€™s operation to a coordinated, cooperative optimization of the overall WPP performance. In the reporting period a platform for design of optimized WPP control schedules with power production as the objective function has been developed based on a consistent and very fast linear CFD RANS solver, and work with including load aspects, using surrogate models, initiated.
TotalControl aims at developing advanced WPP control optimization covering power production, fatigue loading, O&M as well as grid integration aspects. The multi-objective optimization of wind-farm energy extraction, WT loading, taking into account estimated O&M costs and timing, WPP grid losses, and electricity market prices will lead to an increase in WPP profits. Moreover, extending the WPPâ€™s capability to provide ancillary services (primary, secondary and tertiary reserves) and actively participate in balancing, opens up new operational and contracting opportunities for WPP owners, which may significantly increase future revenues in electricity markets.