CHROMOOCYTE

Mechanisms of chromosome segregation in mammalian oocytes

Coordinatore	MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL    more Spiacenti, non ci sono informazioni su questo coordinatore. Contattare Fabio per maggiori infomrazioni, grazie.
Nazionalità Coordinatore	United Kingdom [UK]
Totale costo	1˙487˙611 €
EC contributo	1˙487˙611 €
Programma	FP7-IDEAS-ERC Specific programme: "Ideas" implementing the Seventh Framework Programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities (2007 to 2013)
Code Call	ERC-2013-StG
Funding Scheme	ERC-SG
Anno di inizio	2014
Periodo (anno-mese-giorno)	2014-02-01   -   2019-01-31

 Partecipanti

#	participant	country	role	EC contrib. [€]
1	MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL  Organization address address: NORTH STAR AVENUE POLARIS HOUSE city: SWINDON postcode: SN2 1FL contact info Titolo: Dr. Nome: Melina Cognome: Schuh Email: send email Telefono: +44 1223 267029 Fax: +44 1223 267029	UK (SWINDON)	hostInstitution	1˙487˙611.00
2	MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL  Organization address address: NORTH STAR AVENUE POLARIS HOUSE city: SWINDON postcode: SN2 1FL contact info Titolo: Ms. Nome: Lisa Cognome: Fields Email: send email Telefono: +441223 267201	UK (SWINDON)	hostInstitution	1˙487˙611.00

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 Obiettivo del progetto (Objective)

'All animal life starts with the fertilization of an egg. A haploid egg and a haploid sperm fuse and together they form a new genetically unique embryo. But surprisingly, eggs frequently contain an incorrect number of chromosomes. Depending on the age of the woman, 10-50% of eggs are chromosomally abnormal. This high percentage of abnormal eggs results from chromosome segregation errors during oocyte maturation, the process by which a diploid oocyte matures into a haploid egg. Thus, errors during meiosis in human oocytes are the most common cause of pregnancy losses and contribute to approximately 95% of human aneuploidy such as Down’s syndrome. Surprisingly, we still know very little about how mammalian oocytes mature into eggs, and it is still unclear why chromosome segregation during meiosis is so much more error-prone than during mitosis.

My proposal combines three innovative and complementary approaches towards understanding how homologous chromosomes are segregated and why oocyte maturation in mammals is so error-prone. Specifically, we will work towards the following three aims: 1. We will complete the first large scale screen for genes required for accurate progression through meiosis in mammalian oocytes and characterize the function of a few selected genes in detail. 2. We will analyse meiosis and investigate potential causes of chromosome segregation errors directly in live human oocytes. 3. We will study the function of an F-actin spindle and a chromosome-associated myosin that might be required for chromosome segregation in mammalian oocytes.

Because errors during oocyte maturation lead to pregnancy loss, birth defects and infertility, this work will not only provide important insights into fundamental cellular mechanisms, but will also have important implications for human health.'