MELANIN EVOLUTION

The role of oxidative stress for the evolution of traits generated by melanins

 Coordinatore UNIVERSITE PARIS-SUD 

 Organization address address: RUE GEORGES CLEMENCEAU 15
city: ORSAY
postcode: 91405

contact info
Titolo: Mr.
Nome: Nicolas
Cognome: Lecompte
Email: send email
Telefono: -169155556
Fax: -169155566

 Nazionalità Coordinatore France [FR]
 Totale costo 166˙145 €
 EC contributo 166˙145 €
 Programma FP7-PEOPLE
Specific programme "People" implementing the Seventh Framework Programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities (2007 to 2013)
 Code Call FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF
 Funding Scheme MC-IEF
 Anno di inizio 2010
 Periodo (anno-mese-giorno) 2010-10-08   -   2012-10-07

 Partecipanti

# participant  country  role  EC contrib. [€] 
1    UNIVERSITE PARIS-SUD

 Organization address address: RUE GEORGES CLEMENCEAU 15
city: ORSAY
postcode: 91405

contact info
Titolo: Mr.
Nome: Nicolas
Cognome: Lecompte
Email: send email
Telefono: -169155556
Fax: -169155566

FR (ORSAY) coordinator 166˙145.60

Mappa


 Word cloud

Esplora la "nuvola delle parole (Word Cloud) per avere un'idea di massima del progetto.

serves    melanic    gsh    pheomelanic    acid    breeding    signal    antioxidant    substrate    amino    oxidative    sparrows    stress    house    barn    quality    traits    expression    levels    eumelanic    performed    genotypic    swallows    melanins    pheomelanin    precursor    signals    determine   

 Obiettivo del progetto (Objective)

'Melanins are the most common pigments accounting for the color of animals. Melanic traits often evolve as reliable signals of genotypic quality. It has been proposed that this process depends on the levels of a key intracellular antioxidant (i.e. glutathione; GSH), which are low during the production of one of the main types of melanin (i.e. eumelanin), but high during the production of the other form (i.e. pheomelanin). Therefore, the current model for the evolution of melanic traits gives a key role to oxidative stress, but it has not been properly tested yet. The project proposed here aims at testing this evolutionary scenario. First, an experiment will be performed with captive house sparrows Passer domesticus in order to determine if an experimental reduction of GSH levels leads to a higher expression of a reliable eumelanic signal and a mobilization of alternative antioxidant resources only in birds of high genotypic quality. The second objective will be to determine how the availability of an amino acid with antioxidant activity that serves as precursor for a substrate for pheomelanin (i.e. methionine) and that of an amino acid without antioxidant activity (i.e. phenylalanine) that serves as precursor for a substrate of melanins, interact to affect the expression of a eumelanic signal in house sparrows under different conditions of exogenous oxidative stress. The third objective will be to determine how radioactive contamination affects the expression of, and role of sexual selection in reliable eumelanic and pheomelanic signals of great tits Parus major and barn swallows Hirundo rustica breeding in Chernobyl through decreases in GSH and thus increases in oxidative stress levels. Finally, an investigation in a breeding colony of barn swallows of known ages will be performed in order to test the hypothesis that the reliability of pheomelanic signals increases with age because of an accumulation of free radical effects and thus a decrease in GSH levels.'

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