HIV INNATE IMMUNITY

HIV and dendritic cells: the immunologycal and virological roles of SamHD1

Coordinatore	INSTITUT PASTEUR    more  Organization address address: RUE DU DOCTEUR ROUX 25-28 city: PARIS CEDEX 15 postcode: 75724 contact info Titolo: Dr. Nome: Marie-Laure Cognome: Rosso Email: send email Telefono: +33 1 44 38 95 26 Fax: +33 1 40 61 39 40
Nazionalità Coordinatore	France [FR]
Totale costo	193˙594 €
EC contributo	193˙594 €
Programma	FP7-PEOPLE Specific programme "People" implementing the Seventh Framework Programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities (2007 to 2013)
Code Call	FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF
Funding Scheme	MC-IEF
Anno di inizio	2012
Periodo (anno-mese-giorno)	2012-05-14   -   2014-05-13

 Partecipanti

#	participant	country	role	EC contrib. [€]
1	INSTITUT PASTEUR  Organization address address: RUE DU DOCTEUR ROUX 25-28 city: PARIS CEDEX 15 postcode: 75724 contact info Titolo: Dr. Nome: Marie-Laure Cognome: Rosso Email: send email Telefono: +33 1 44 38 95 26 Fax: +33 1 40 61 39 40	FR (PARIS CEDEX 15)	coordinator	193˙594.80

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 Obiettivo del progetto (Objective)

'Dendritic cells (DC) are the front-line of virus detection and trigger the response of the innate and adaptive immune system. DCs 'patrol' in the body and seek pathogens such as viruses. When they catch viruses, they initiate immune responses primarily in lymph nodes and lymphoid tissue. DCs acquire a mature phenotype while they migrate towards the lymphoid tissues in order to process and present the antigens derived from viruses. They also produce various cytokines and chemokines, substances with pro-inflammatory properties. Antigen presentation by DCs can activate the immune system by inducing specific CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes responses, responsible for destroying the virus. DCs are relatively resistant to infection by HIV. A cell antiviral factor named SAMHD1, was recently identified as protecting DCs and macrophages from productive infection by HIV-1. We want to characterize the SAMHD1 mechanism of action, how and why it protects DCs from HIV infection. HIV infection is mainly achieved by the formation of cellular contact between infected cells and target cells, thus we aim to examine the role of SAMHD1 during these contacts. We will also study the role of SAMHD1 in the induction of the immune response against HIV. This project is in collaboration with the team of Monsef Benkirane, which has recently identified the protein SamHD1, and the team of Yves Levy. We expect to unmask how HIV has evolved to escape from the immune response; a relevant issue to better understand why nowadays treatments have failed to completely eradicate the virus.'

Introduzione (Teaser)

Recent advances in HIV treatment have managed to halt virus replication within cells. However, in order to completely eradicate the virus, we need to understand how HIV-1 evades innate immune responses.